Dolomite is a highly valuable source of calcium and magnesium on Earth, boasting abundant reserves. It is widely utilized as a non-metallic mineral in various industries including metallurgy, glass production, refractories, and building materials. Its significance particularly shines through in the metallurgical and glass sectors. According to statistics, the production of each ton of steel necessitates 170 kilograms of dolomite. Similarly, within the glass industry, dolomite ranks as the third largest raw material. In terms of refractory materials, it holds an indisputable position.
Brief Introduce of Dolomite
Dolomite is a carbonate mineral composed of iron dolomite and manganese dolomite, respectively. Its crystal structure bears resemblance to calcite and often exhibits a rhombohedral shape. When exposed to dilute hydrochloric acid, it gradually releases bubbles even at low temperatures. Certain types of dolomites emit an orange-red glow when subjected to cathode rays. Dolomite serves as the principal mineral component in both dolomite and dolomitic limestone.
Dolomite is commonly mixed with calcite, clay minerals, magnesite, gypsum, and other impurities. The ore typically exhibits a fine or medium-grained structure characterized by a layered, blocky, breccia-like or gravel structure. Dolomite belongs to the trigonal crystal system; its crystals often take on a saddle-shaped rhombohedral form and the aggregate is frequently granular or massive in nature. It can appear colorless, white or light brown to dark brown in appearance and possesses a glassy luster. Upon heating to temperatures ranging from 700°C to 900°C, carbon dioxide is released resulting in the formation of caustic dolomite - a mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. At a calcination temperature of 1500℃, magnesium oxide undergoes transformation into cubic magnesite while calcium oxide crystallizes as α-CaO. Dolomite is widely distributed among sedimentary rocks.
Dolomite Applications in Various Industries
Glass
Dolomite and limestone are essential components in glass production, alongside silica sand and soda ash. Among these materials, soda ash is the most costly component. However, by incorporating limestone as a partial substitute for soda ash, costs can be reduced to some extent, although potential adverse effects should be considered. On the other hand, the introduction of magnesia through dolomite can further contribute to cost reduction. In the glass industry, dolomite not only provides calcium oxide but also acts as a flux when combined with soda ash and silica. Moreover, it offers benefits such as reducing glass aging and preventing chemical erosion caused by atmospheric or water exposure. Additionally, dolomite enhances the plasticity and strength of colored glass while effectively lowering its high-temperature viscosity and improving chemical stability and mechanical strength. Furthermore, utilizing dolomite powder in low-temperature ceramics preparation and float glass ingredients significantly reduces energy consumption.
Metallurgy
The smelting of industrial raw ore for magnesium, with a size ranging from 30 to 120mm, is a crucial process in the production of metallic magnesium. Dolomite plays a vital role as a raw material in this process, and its smelting methods are primarily categorized into two: electrolysis and silicon thermal reduction method.
Dolomite, as one of the crucial raw materials for primary refractories, ranks second only to magnesite in terms of significance. It is primarily employed in the lining of steel-making converters, open-hearth furnaces, and electric furnace walls. Moreover, it finds application in thermal equipment such as furnace refining devices and cement kilns. Dolomite can be utilized for the production of various types of dolomite bricks (including conventional dolomite brick, zirconium dolomite brick, and zirconium magnesia dolomite brick), as well as electromelting dolomite carbon bricks and electromelting magnesia dolomite carbon bricks.
Building Materials
The production of magnesium-oxychloride cement is another significant application of dolomite. This type of cement, containing magnesium, demonstrates excellent compressive and flexural strength as well as corrosion resistance. Specifically, the stability of flame-proof forged dolomite caustic powder in preparing magnesium oxychloride cement is enhanced. Mg-containing cement has been extensively utilized in floor plate repairs, fast solidifying pavement construction, and pavement crack sealing. Moreover, after calcination to produce caustic dolomite, it can be further processed into magnesium hydroxide cement and magnesium oxide sulfate cement. These two non-hydraulic binding materials offer advantages such as a simple production process, rapid setting and hardening properties, high strength, strong bonding force, good elasticity, wear resistance; they also possess convenient shaping capabilities with low energy consumption requirements. Therefore, they hold significant value for development and utilization.
Magnesium and magnesium alloys are extensively utilized in the automotive, aerospace, national defense, and other industries due to their exceptional specific strength, stiffness, and excellent thermal conductivity. As a strategically significant material, further investigation is required for magnesium alloys; however, there exist certain challenges during the development process. With the expansion and adjustment of the magnesium industry, investment in the dolomite industry will witness exponential growth in the future.
Dolomite Grinding Mill
Dolomite powder is typically categorized into four types: dolomite coarse powder processing (0-3mm), fine powder processing (20-400 mesh), ultra-fine powder deep processing of dolomite (400-1250 mesh), and micro-powder processing (1250-3250 mesh). The initial stage involves crushing the bulk material of dolomite using a crusher to achieve the desired fineness for feeding it into the mill (15mm-50mm). In the subsequent stage, the fragmented dolomite particles are conveyed to the silo through an elevator, and subsequently they are uniformly and quantitatively delivered to the grinding chamber of the mill by a vibrating feeder. The third stage encompasses grading and grinding materials utilizing a classifier, with any substandard powder being returned to the main machine for re-grinding. Finally, in the fourth stage, collected powdered material is separated from airflow in a dust collector through pipelines before being stored in a finished product bin via a conveying device. It can then be packaged for utilization.
The YGM/MTM Raymond mill or high pressure suspension roll mill can be utilized for the processing of fine powder.
High Pressure Suspension Roll Mill Capacity: 1-50 t/h Feed Size: 35 mm Powder Fineness: 50-400 mesh
The high-pressure roller mill features a compact structure, small size, and lightweight design, enabling easy system reformation, operation, and maintenance. Moreover, it facilitates automatic work and monitoring processes while creating an optimal production environment. By employing the lamination crushing principle, this mill ensures that materials remain confined within the extrusion roll and feeding device during static pressure crushing to prevent significant impact or splashing effects on materials while maintaining minimal levels of vibration and noise.
If you need high-end dolomite powder and need to process ultrafine powder, Clirik recommends ultrafine mills and ultrafine vertical mills.
The roller design is innovative, and the material selection is reasonable, enhancing its robustness and reliability while increasing the grinding pressure for material processing by approximately 15%-20%.Extended lifespan: reduced bearing replacements and longer service cycles; overall machine longevity is 3-5 times greater than other grinding machines. Convenient discharge control: high efficiency and rapid operation; the separator can be adjusted with variable frequency speed regulation to precisely control discharge fineness. Energy-saving: equipped with a new type of highly efficient pulse dust removal equipment and noise reduction device, effectively eliminating dust, noise, and other pollutants to establish an environmentally friendly production workshop.
The ultra-fine vertical mill boasts a wide range of applications owing to its unique structural advantages, enabling it to process over 200 types of materials into ultra-fine powder. It ensures consistent quality with uniform particle shape, narrow particle size distribution, and excellent fluidity. Furthermore, it offers low comprehensive investment costs by integrating crushing, drying, grinding, grading, and conveying into a single streamlined process. This reduces the equipment requirements and results in a compact structure layout that directly lowers the investment cost for enterprises. Additionally, it consumes less energy compared to similar mills due to its specially designed roller sleeve and liner grinding curve for ultra-fine powder grinding. This design facilitates easier material layer formation during grinding, leading to high efficiency and yield achieved through one-time grinding while saving 30%-50% more energy than ordinary grinding machines. Moreover, this machine exhibits exceptional environmental performance with minimal vibration and noise levels. The entire system is sealed allowing for full negative pressure operation without any dust spillage which effectively creates a dust-free workshop environment compliant with national dust emission standards. Lastly, its high reliability is ensured by incorporating a roller limit device that prevents severe vibrations caused by mill shutdowns during operation along with the use of an advanced roller sealing device providing reliable sealing without requiring an additional fan for ventilation thereby reducing oxygen content within the mill resulting in improved explosion suppression performance.
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